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I was wondering if there is a better way to create a file other than appending each line to the file. I did it this way so I can preserve readability, however, there is no indentation. Is there a way to create a file and input multiple lines at once?

if [ -d "/srv/www/$1" ]; then
 echo "Domain name already exists!"
else 
 mkdir -p /srv/www/$1/public_html; 
 mkdir -p /srv/www/$1/logs; 
 echo "<VirtualHost>" > /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "ServerAdmin support@$1" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "ServerName $1" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "ServerAlias www.$1" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "DocumentRoot /srv/www/$1/public_html/" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "ErrorLog /srv/www/$1/logs/error.log" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
    echo "CustomLog /srv/www/$1/logs/access.log combined" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
 echo "</VirtualHost>" >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
 a2ensite $1

3 Answers 3

7

Use a heredoc.

cat > /etc/apache2/sites-available/"$1" << EOF
<VirtualHost>
ServerAdmin support@$1
...
EOF
1
  • 8 minutes until you get best answer
    – Strawberry
    Oct 31, 2010 at 4:21
1

Heredoc as stated in answer #1 or just have your echo go across multiple lines

echo "line 1
line2
line3" > file
1

If it's readability you're after, have you considered splitting it out into multiple files? Have a "template" file that you can edit that is copied over with your shellscript.

## /path/to/vhtemplate
<VirtualHost>
    ServerAdmin support@#1
    ServerName #1
    ServerAlias www.#1
    DocumentRoot /srv/www/#1/public_html/
    ErrorLog /srv/www/#1/logs/error.log
    CustomLog /srv/www/#1/logs/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Example script:

if [ -d "/srv/www/$1" ]; then
 echo "Domain name already exists!"
else 
 mkdir -p /srv/www/$1/public_html; 
 mkdir -p /srv/www/$1/logs; 
 cp /path/to/vhtemplate /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
 sed -i -e 's/#1/$1/' /etc/apache2/sites-available/$1
 a2ensite $1
1
  • I like this a lot, and I upvoted your answer. Using templates is a great idea too.
    – Strawberry
    Nov 1, 2010 at 7:39

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