Deleting all executables in a directory in Linux

Question

Before I recursively tar a directory i want to be able to delete all of the executables. In windows I would have simply deleted all of the files with .exe extensions. And I cannot simply delete all files with the executable mode since that would delete shell scripts as well. So is there any way to delete only non-shell script script files in a directory automatically?

Answer 1

I assume you mean binaries? If the number of executables is very large, this command may fail due to the command line for "file" and "echo" being too long. A quick example:

find /bin -type f | xargs file | grep "ELF.*executable" | awk -F: '{print $1}' | xargs echo

If you replace "echo" with "rm" in the above example, those files will be deleted. The "grep" command should prevent libraries from being deleted (you can test on /lib).

(Note, I only have access to FreeBSD right now, so the output of linux's "file" command may differ, thus changing what you need to do.)

This should give you an easy template for how to do it. You'll just need to be sure to know what to look for in the output given by "file" and grep accordingly.

Be careful. You could totally bork your system if you run this as root on the wrong directory.

Answer 2

file * | grep executable | grep -v 'shell script' | cut -d: -f 1 | xargs rm

Or perhaps:

make clean

;-)

Answer 3

find . -perm /111 -type f -exec echo rm -v {} \;

The magic here is that the -perm flag (for permissions) can take a / preceding the permission argument, which causes it to search for a logical OR on each of the bits. From the man page:

   -perm /mode
          Any  of the permission bits mode are set for the file.  Symbolic
          modes are accepted in this form.  You must specify 'u',  'g'  or
          'o'  if  you  use a symbolic mode.  See the EXAMPLES section for
          some illustrative examples.  If no permission bits in  mode  are
          set,  this  test  currently  matches no files.  However, it will
          soon be changed to match any file (the idea is to be  more  con-
          sistent with the behaviour of perm -000).

In case that wasn't clear, / specifies 111 specifies x in the user OR x in the group OR x in the others. And those are not XOR, so we're looking for at least one but up to 3.

Since the unix file permissions are

rwxrwxrwx
421421421

And we care about the x bits, we get a mask of

--1--1--1

or 111

It should be noted that in the command listed above, there's an echo to prevent you from shooting yourself in the foot. Feel free to take of the safety once you'd nailed the files correctly.

EDIT

OK, this blows away all shell scripts, too. There is no nice, neat way to do it with find that I've found, due to the relatively primitive regular expression matching. I can find all of the .sh files you want using regular expressions:

   -regex ".*\(.*sh\$\)"

But I can't invert that at all. So I give up. I'm still leaving this up here, in case it's useful to someone.

Write a shell script, or use someone else's suggestion, or if you really want to, just temporarily remove executable permissions to the shell scripts, remove all the executable files, then add the +x back. Good luck.

Answer 4

Before I recursively tar a directory i want to be able to delete all of the executables.

IMHO the short answer is that there is no 100% foolproof way to do this. Depending on permissions alone may miss or include things you don't want. Depending on filenames won't work. Even depending on the output of the file command probably isn't a good idea, I have seen it miss-identify things on several occasions.

Answer 5

You need find to iterate over the files in a tree, the file command-line utility to determine their file type, followed by perl to filter the executables:

find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 file -N0 -- \
| perl -nlwe '/(.*\0).*ELF.*executable/ and printf $1' | xargs -0 ls -l --

You really want to delete the files replace the final ls -l -- with rm --.

Note: all the -print0 and -0 switches are needed to make sure that spaces in the filenames are handled correctly. This is also the reason why perl is used instead of awk, which cannot really swallow null characters in the input. The -- switches are meant to protect against filenames starting a dash.

Answer 6

You probably have to write a shell script to do this. Off the top of my head, run file first, get the executables and exclude all the scripts. Then you can operate on the remainder which should be what you are looking for.

Answer 7

Using bits from Matt's answer I came up with this:

find . -perm /111 -type f -print0 | xargs -0 file | grep -v 'shell script' | cut -d: -f1 | xargs echo rm