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How does location of fault is known in networks using passive monitoring?

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Thank you...... Actually I am working on "Fault localization using passive monitoring". I am going to develop a network monitoring tool which locates the fault in the network and provide recommendations to the administrator so that the fault can be located and corrected as early as possible. Can log files be helpful in localizing the faults? – Avanti Jan 24 at 7:45
I don't mean to be rude but perhaps you should start somewhere simpler or do a lot of read on passive monitoring first? Here and here are good places to start. Log files are a necessity no matter the monitoring application and not specific to passive monitoring. Is this an assignment? – nullity Jan 24 at 8:19
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The simple answer is that it isn't. It really depends on the system you are using and if you have a specific product in mind please do let us know, but in the general sense a passive system simply monitors for the existence of traffic on a wire (the absence of which indicates a fault).

In this scenario you cannot locate the outage more precisely than to say the service you were monitoring is not functioning and to start there. SNMP is often technically considered a passive monitoring system when using SNMP trap's and if this is your situation you may be able to employ active techniques, such as SNMP get requests, to attempt to narrow down the fault but I am not aware of a purely passive approach.

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