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Is there, in linux variables, or some other means to find per/system paths, similar to windows path variables, like %AppData%, %UserProfile%, %AllUsersProfile%, %ProgramFiles%, %SystemRoot%, %SystemDrive%, %Temp%, %Tmp%, etc.?

Update: OK, I've found out, that:
home, you can find from: "env|egrep '^HOME$'"
various user folders from command: xdg-user-dir
various system folders are from: "env|egrep '^XDG-'"

It works fine on my Ubuntu 16.04, but when I try to do it on Ubuntu 14.04, it only has xdg-user-dir and "env|egrep '^HOME$'", but "env|egrep '^XDG-'" doesn't have any path results.

Any suggestions?

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2 Answers 2

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Most of the things you mention just have no equivalent on a Linux system (in the sense that the concept behind this doesn't exist), but the user home directory is usually in the variable $HOME.

Despite your claim to the opposite, these concepts have to clear equivalent on Linux and the feature you require does not exist.

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  • @igoryonya: No. Take software. It might be installed in /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, /opt or any other number of places. While there might be something like %AppData% for some desktop environments, it's then a convention by that DE and not a "Linux standard". There is nothing like %AllUsersProfile%, except you consider /etc/profile etc. %SystemRoot% is always /, there are no drive letters so no %SystemDrive% ...
    – Sven
    Jul 17, 2016 at 12:28
  • 1st of all - most of things I mention, have equivalents on a Linux system: %AppData%=/home/user/.config; %UserProfile%=/home/user; %AllUsersProfile%=/etc; %ProgramFiles%=/bin; %SystemRoot%=/boot; %SystemDrive%=/; %Temp%=/tmp. But wait, I didn't ask about exact equivalents. I asked for Linux "variables or some other means to fibd per/system paths, (windows vars, were just examples).".
    – igoryonya
    Jul 17, 2016 at 12:33
  • The problem, is that not all (li|u)n[ui]x|bsd systems follow the same folder standards, for example - some systems use /var/etc, instead of /etc, some systems use /usr instead of /home, some systems use /mnt instead of /media, etc., etc., etc..
    – igoryonya
    Jul 17, 2016 at 12:33
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    /etc is not %AllUsersProfile% but much more. ~/.config isn't used by an awful lot of things, /boot is certainly no equivalent to %SystemRoot%. But to make it more explicit: What you want does not exist.
    – Sven
    Jul 17, 2016 at 12:36
  • I disagree, that %AllUsersProfile% is more ~/.config, because it's a profile with settings for all users (i.e. systemwide), /etc is for sytemwide settings also, but, on the second thought /etc is "%AllUsersProfile%/Application Data" or "%AllUsersProfile%/AppData" (depending on the Win version)
    – igoryonya
    Jul 17, 2016 at 12:49
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I've made a small table with windows and Linux equivalents.

This is the source:

Windows and Linux variable equivalents

Windows cmd vs Linux shell commands

This is based on my experience(with Windows 7 and Linux Ubuntu).

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