Questions tagged [routing]
the process by which data packets on communication networks are forwarded into the direction of their ultimate destination by routers.
1,170
questions with no upvoted or accepted answers
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IGMP Snooping limitations and when do you start to use PIM?
At a head end I've just inherited, all our multicast streams run on cisco switches with IGMP snooping enabled. Because all these streams are to be kept local and isolated we've never really looked ...
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426
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Non-local IP for next hop in routing
I'm working with an MPLS network and I am slightly confused about some route entries.
Interfaces are (these are fake IPs):
eth0 10.10.10.1/24 (LAN)
eth1 10.9.9.1/24 (MPLS)
eht2 2.2.2.2/24 ...
2
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How do I get IPv6 packets to my KVM virtual machine?
My setup is:
Debian Wheezy x64 on the host and on the guest.
I am using a tun/tap setup to connect a virtual machine to the host.
The KVM network options I use are:
-net nic,macaddr=DE:AD:BE:EF:1A:...
2
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Inter VLAN Routing
I have VLAN 1 and VLAN 2 setup on HP ProCurve Switch, each linked to a different scope on DHCP server.
VLAN1 = 10.220.0.0/23
VLAN2 = 10.210.0.0/21
I can't ping VLAN1 devices from VLAN2 and vice ...
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109
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Route public subnet to client location
Due to the fact that my ISP introduced CGN/DSLite and I still need public IPv4 addresses, I was thinking about tunneling an unused /29 that I own from my server to my local Linux box.
After doing ...
2
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0
answers
304
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Openswan bad routing record after connect
I have a problem in openswan configuration. In the routing table create following lines on the client, after connect to server:
Dest mask Gateway Conn Metric
0.0.0.0 ...
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249
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How is the route scope parameter used?
I am confused about the route scope parameter in the output if /sbin/ip route.
default via 10.32.10.1 dev wlan0 proto static
10.32.10.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 10.32.10.154 ...
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xenserver vm routing fails half the time on the same network
I recently switched from openstack (due to complexity) to xenserver at work, I ran into an issue that I can't solve, I can ping the server all the time but the vms part of the time.
here is a ...
2
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1
answer
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route http and ssh traffic normally, everything else via vpn tunnel
I've read quite a bit and am close, I feel, and I'm pulling my hair out ... please help!
I have an OpenVPN cliend whose server sets local routes and also changes the default gw (I know I can prevent ...
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Why might one host be unable to access the Internet, when it can ping the router and when all other hosts can?
I have a Draytek Vigor 2830n. It's kicking out a 192.168.3.0 LAN. It performs load-balancing across dual-WAN ports, although I've turned off the second WAN to simplify testing. There are many hosts ...
2
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1
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877
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Linux bridge static IP using only one NIC
It seems like I have a generic problem, but can't find any solution - every solution that I found so far on internets doesn't work for me. Let me first try to explain what I am trying to do - I have a ...
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OpenWrt on TL-WR1043ND - VLAN to VLAN communication
I have this network configuration at home:
3G Wifi router - for access to internet, 192.168.1.0 subnet
Router TP-Link TL-WR1043ND - OpenWRT (12.09), 192.168.2.0 subnet, connected wirelessly via "...
2
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1
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Allow access to printer between interfaces on Cisco ASA5510
I have a Cisco ASA5510 where we have to separate networks on two separate interfaces.
The networks should have nothing to do with each other except that network B needs to access a printer on network ...
2
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638
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Connectivity issues with dual NIC machine in EC2
I'm trying to get some servers set up in EC2 in a Virtual Private Cloud. To do this, I have two subnets:
10.0.42.0/24 - Public subnet
10.0.83.0/24 - Private subnet
To bridge these two, I have a ...
2
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1
answer
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linux ip route via 2 gateways, 3 interfaces
I have 3 interfaces. I'll replace the public ips with 10.x.x.x.
eth0:
ips: 10.1.1.64-10.1.1.70
mask: 255.255.255.0
gateway: 10.1.1.1
ip route table: gw1a
eth1:
ip: 10.1.1.71
mask: 255.255.255.0
...
2
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2
answers
3k
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Iptables prerouting and IP forwarding
I have a linux machine used as gateway for a Win XP machine. Both are in Virtual machine for testing purpose. Now I want to trick the Win XP user (me) with the forwarding of an IP address: I want to ...
2
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2
answers
2k
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NAT Public IP to Public IP with Mikrotik
My target is to route: 192.0.2.1 (public IP) to 192.0.2.2 (another public IP out of my network). I want to route all the ports and protocols, so Mikrotik will just send all the packets there.
I have ...
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0
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How to setup routing to the tun interface from an interface that is receiving tagged frames
I am configuring a Raspberry Pi to route traffic from a specific VLAN through a VPN, but I am encountering routing issues. Here’s an overview of my setup and the problems I'm facing:
Setup:
Raspberry ...
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How Linux kernel selects the source IP of outgoing data packets?
I have multiple IP addresses assigned to a network interface, each corresponding to a different outbound IP.
:~# curl --interface 112.73.59.255 ip.sb
157.119.73.25
Using the above command, I ...
1
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1
answer
344
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Configuring 2nd and 3rd NIC on Ubuntu 22
I'm trying to install 2nd and 3rd NICs on a Ubunutu 22 VM running on VMWare.
At first setup new VM with 1 NIC - that was successful and able to go out to internet:
network
ethernets:
ens160:...
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46
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GCP VPC IPv6 routing to an OpenVPN instance
Previously, on premises, I successfully setup an OpenVPN server (on Ubuntu) that assigned globally routable IPv6 addresses to VPN clients (which is a project requirement). A generous /48 IPv6 prefix ...
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210
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Routing 2 public IP ranges on 2 bridges
I've set up a new Proxmox 8 server, and I'm struggling to get my networking set up correctly. A normal bridge interface with a single IP range is easy enough, but I can't seem to get my 2 IP ranges to ...
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1
answer
90
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Route outgoing packets from VM to GRE tunnel from which income packets came from? (TCP flows)
We have a network infrastructure with Anycast IPs on edge servers in multiple countries, those servers encapsulate traffic in GRE tunnels to endpoint nodes with virtual machines
Currently we route all ...
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0
answers
286
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Is it expected that coredns pods look or know the network DNS real IP?
I created a cluster on bare metal, set up with one laptop as the control plane and another laptop as a worker node, for learning purposes.
They're in a local lan with a home router.
After a couple of ...
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1
answer
850
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Ubuntu IPTables Port forwarding and NAT
I am coping with an issue for the past days with which I cannot get my head arround, it addresses routing.
Setup and context:
NetworkDiagram
As depicted in the diagram below, my goal is to call the &...
1
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1
answer
565
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Using iptables TPROXY to listen on all ports with outgoing traffic
My issue is that I can't establish an outgoing connection.
I followed this blog post to use TPROXY to redirect any TCP connection to a single listener:
iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -...
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864
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Use wireguard client as default gateway of another (server in docker)
almost same as this article
Wireguard use one client as gateway of another
but i have wireguard in docker so i can't understand how to solve my routing problem
peer1 --- wireguard_server(in docker) ---...
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149
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Routing issue on Debian 11 VM
I updated my OPnsense "router/gateway" to 23.1 a few days ago, and now I am experiencing an issue with one of my machines. I have one machine with OPnsense installed that acts as a basic NAT ...
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543
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Multiple interfaces and networks with Netplan: can't ping local network
My netplan config, with multiple interfaces and networks, works perfectly apart from ping to (or from?) local network.
Here's my setup:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
ens160:
dhcp4: no
...
1
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1
answer
1k
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Debian Server - clients can't ping between interfaces/subnets
I can't ping clients between interfaces/subnets e.g. pinging from Mac (10.42.0.82), which is connected to eth0 to the Android (10.42.1.150) which is connected to wlan0.
Note: I can access internet ...
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Docker Compose containers cannot communicate through nftables
I just have a quick question about Docker Compose.
I have a Nftables firewall installed on my server and regarding the input and forward chain the default drop policy loaded.
Until now everything has ...
1
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1
answer
407
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Routing HTTP/HTTPS traffic from one Linux server to another Linux server
The DNS for the domain.com is pointing at Server1 (it has a public ip address).
The webserver is running on Server 2 (no public IP address, but connected to Server1 via OVPN).
Is it possible to route ...
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0
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3k
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WireGuard slow routing?
I've got a setup as depicted in the picture. The problem is catastrophic speed when using routing.
All WireGuard interfaces MTU = 1420.
(1), (2) are debian servers. (3) is windows machine.
The only ...
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0
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298
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Why is my router's ipv6 address different from the lan prefix?
I have done some research:
I think I know what global unicast addresses are.
My ISP grants me 2605:6000:FFC0:7D:C4CD:A25A:777A:xxxx/64 (at least that is what my router reports as its "IPv6 ...
1
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0
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113
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connecting two SIP phones from different LANs over ZeroTier openwrt
i make site to site conncetion by tp-link n600 openwrt zerotier and no problem , i can reach every thing in two sites and ping ok
but i have in site 1 Issable and in site 2 sip phone
------------------...
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0
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158
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Poor forwarding performance between two WireGuard tunnels
I've got a dedicated server (Ubuntu Server 20.04), running two WireGuard interfaces:
wg0 is used to connect end-users, like laptops, mobile devices, etc.
wg1 is a tunnel to a 3rd-party VPN service
...
1
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0
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76
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Connection to Apache server dont pass from openVPN tunnel
I working with two VMs in virtualbox. Both of them are in one Subnet 10.0.2.0. On first VM I run client.conf and on other VM run server.conf and startup Apache Server. OpenVPN tunnel established ...
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659
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Route shadowsocks traffic through openvpn in server side
So I want to implement a thing like this :
A client connect to my shadowsocks server.
Shadowsocks server send request to remote server ( a server that client trying to connect to that ) through ...
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0
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Ubuntu 20.04 LTS MTR _gateway reporting nearly 100% packetloss, clients experience stutters and lag
I've recently come into some hassle with my dedicated server. I've done as much debugging as I can myself, from running tracerts and pings with a script. Watching the throughput of the server, its ...
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660
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mysterious rx_crc_errors on Linux router uplink interface
I have a Linux machine running Debian 11 that is acting as a router between a device sitting at the edge and a host machine. While doing a curl command to download a file the interface that is facing ...
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How do I configure IPv6 via WireGuard?
I rented a VDS in order to set up WireGuard VPN on it and distribute all VPN clients /64 IPv6 subnets. From the hosting I originally got the address 2a0c:xxx:yyy::1/32. Here are the configurations of ...
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423
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How to bridge a physical subnet with a public server?
So I've been banging my head on this issue for a while, hopefully someone can help me here.
My idea is to run a proxy (nginx, traefik, etc) on the public server, with authelia or some other kind of ...
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54
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NAT/IPTables functionality concerns when routing across several interfaces using IP forwarding
As shown in the diagram below, I currently have three systems networked together:
Interface eno2
IP Addresses Assigned:
...
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271
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TCP handshake not completing intermittently to specific Cloudflare node
I have setup a webpage with Cloudflare that works nearly all of the time, except occasionally the TCP handshake fails with the SYN+ACK not making it to Cloudflare. On a packet capture from another ...
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0
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558
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Block IPv6 on Tun0
I'm setting up a VPN tunnel for some services. I created a vpntunnel/vpntunnel user/group that is routed to the tun0 interface based on the group ID. That works quite fine. Commands below run as ...
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1k
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Proxy/Route requests to subdomains to different local/wireguard IP addresses?
We have a virtual machine with a public IPv4 address, to which our example.com and *.example.com domain points.
We have several distributed low-tech computers establishing a wireguard connection/...
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0
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995
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Windows routes through wrong interface
I'm using Windows 10 21H1. There are several networks connected to my machine. I've noticed I cannot ping hosts in 192.168.3.* network. Here's my routing table:
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ...
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420
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Mac OS built-in VPN client Routing Table issues (Cisco IPSEC)
I have a Macbook Big Sur 11.5.2 and I’ve spent now quite some on this particular issue but I cannot figure it out. I need some help from people that are more expert than me on the matter.
Background ...
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1
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2k
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pfSense NAT to server in a second LAN subnet behind an internal second router (not working)
I have a pfSense firewall/router that is exposing some services to my public ip.
This is working fine, as long as the service is on the primary LAN subnet (192.168.1.0/24), let's call it LAN-A.
E.g. ...
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0
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IPv4 -> IPv6 -- IPv6 -> IPv4 routing
I hope the is the right place to ask this question. I'm just looking for the correct name of the type of network routing I'm attempting to implement so I can learn and implement it.
I'm using linux (...