I'm trying to import a gzipped SQL file into mysql directly. Is this the right way?
mysql -uroot -ppassword mydb > myfile.sql.gz
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24Even ignoring the gzip side of the question, your arrow is pointing the wrong way...– Matt FletcherSep 27, 2016 at 9:47
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13 Answers
zcat /path/to/file.sql.gz | mysql -u 'root' -p your_database
> will write the output of the mysql command on stdout into the file myfile.sql.gz which is most probably not what you want. Additionally, this command will prompt you for the password of the MySQL user "root".
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22As a good security practice, I would put my password on the command line, I would let mysql ask for it. May 3, 2010 at 8:19
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9As @Prof. Moriarty explans, you can modify the command to not use the password via
zcat /path/to/file.sql.gz | mysql -u 'root' -p your_database. It will know the last parameter is the database you wish to use, not your password.– bafromcaJan 20, 2015 at 0:20 -
9To slightly correct @Prof.Moriarty's comment, a good security practice would be to not put my password on the command line (where it will get stored in history, or seen over your shoulder), and let MySQL ask for it. The -p flag alone will cause MySQL to ask at a prompt for the password.– GeorgeAug 3, 2016 at 8:00
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To display a progress bar while importing a sql.gz file, download pv and use the following:
pv mydump.sql.gz | gunzip | mysql -u root -p <database name>
In CentOS/RHEL, you can install pv with yum install pv.
In Debian/Ubuntu, apt-get install pv.
In macOS, brew install pv
In Amazon Linux2, sudo amazon-linux-extras install epel
and then sudo yum install pv
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pvseems to be in the Ubuntu repos too (at least in 12.04 LTS it is), but again you need to dosudo apt-get install pvto get it. Thanks Banjer, this is perfect for big database imports!– toon81Feb 19, 2015 at 15:25 -
I had to run pv mydump.sql.gz | gunzip | mysql -u root my_database_name. That was because I was importing tables and I don't have a password set for my root user Feb 9, 2016 at 22:19
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1Great answer! I had to import huge database (3GB compressed, 50GB plaintext) and having progress bar really helped– borisanoAug 17, 2022 at 14:34
The simplest way is to unzip the database file before importing. Also as mentioned by @Prof. Moriarty you shouldn't be specifying the password in the command (you'll be asked for the password). This command taken from webcheatsheet will unzip and import the database in one go:
gunzip < myfile.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p mydb
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1Also, mydb needs to be created before importing. This doesn't create the db for you. Apr 20, 2015 at 23:00
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i found my piping
gunzipon a 10GB compressed file caused my import to freeze. not sure if that's due to memory constraints or something but i'd err on the side of doing one step at a time in the future.– ryantuckJan 7, 2016 at 16:42 -
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2@Siddhartha That depends on the sql dump file. Sometimes they include create database statements.– roobyAug 30, 2017 at 22:55
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If you get an error from zcat, in which the error message contains the file name with an extra suffix .Z, then try using gzcat instead, as described at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/296717/zcat-wont-unzip-files-properly
On macOS, I used this:
zcat < [Database].sql.gz | mysql -u root -p [Database Name in MySQL]
Enter your password, and voila!
You can use -c, --stdout, --to-stdout option of gunzip command
for example:
gunzip -c file.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p database
Also check if there is any USE-statement in the SQL file. Specifying the database at the command line doesn't guarantee that the data ends up there if a different destination is specified within the SQL file.
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2You just need to extend the command like so:
pv mydump.sql.gz | gunzip | mysql -u root -pyour_database. The accepted answer uses this approach.– bafromcaJan 20, 2015 at 0:17
If you are using small size database it's better to extract and import. Here is the extract command
tar -xf dbname.sql.tar.gz
Here is importing command.
mysql -u username -p new_database < data-dump.sql
On MacOS I've been using the following one-liner with no need of installing additional programs, except for the MySQL client itself.
$ cat /path/to/file.sql.gz | gzip -d | mysql -u root <db_name>
The first command, cat, prints the file. Its output, the file contents, is sent as the input to the next command, gzip. gzip with the the -d option decompresses the input passed to it and outputs the result, which is finally used as input for the MySQL client, the mysql program. The output -> input sending is brought to us by the | (pipe) operator on bash and other shell.
This script can also be used in some popular Linux distros, such as Ubuntu. I'm not sure whether gzip is always available. But it can be easily installed, if not, with:
$ sudo apt install gzip
For bzip2 compressed files (.sql.bz2), use:
bzcat <file> | mysql -u <user> -p <database>
OR
pv <file> | bunzip2 | mysql -u <user> -p <database>
to see progress bar.
Lets say you need to populate user_data with mysql, try this:
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
apt-get update -yq
dpkg -l | grep mysql-server || (echo "Installing MySQL..." \
&& apt-get install -yq mysql-server \
&& echo -e "\n[mysqld]\nbind-address=0.0.0.0\nskip-name-resolve=1" | tee -a /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
&& aws s3 cp --quiet s3://your-bucket/mysqldump_all_databases.sql.gz - | zcat | mysql -uroot\
&& systemctl restart mysql)
If you are using windows, you can install gzip from chocolatey:
choco install gzip -y
or download gzip from this link: http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/gzip.htm
After gzip installed run this command:
gzip -cd c:\backups\myDbBackup.sql.gz | mysql -u[user] -p[password] [myDataBase]
To export in .sql.qz command is :-
mysqldump -u username -p database | gzip > database.sql.gz
To import the .sql.qz file command is:-
gunzip < database.sql.gz | mysql -u usrname -p newdatabase
