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I have an exchange server that is running out of space but it doesn't look to be related to active mailboxes. The .edb database file is 69GB but when I run the command:

Get-MailboxStatistics | Sort-Object TotalItemSize -Descending | ft DisplayName,@{label="TotalItemSize(MB)";expression={$_.TotalItemSize.Value.ToMB()}},ItemCount

I find that only 12GB of mailboxes are on this exchange server. Why is the database file far larger than what the actual user mailboxes are?

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That's because databases contain more than just active mails, they also can contain deleted mails being kept per policy. Additionally, databases do not shrink; once they reach a size they never shrink unless you do an offline shrink process on them. It could very well be the case that your users had lots of space on them once upon a time.

Also, your log-files can consume quite a bit of space. You don't mention if they're on the same volume or not.

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    Thanks for the response. The log files account for 45.8GB by themselves. If I were to archive the log files and delete them would that impact Exchange on its ability to run. Jan 25, 2011 at 23:11
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    @ShaneLayton The best thing is to run a backup, as that empties the log-files. That's impact-free as far as Exchange is concerned.
    – sysadmin1138
    Jan 25, 2011 at 23:12
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It sounds like you're not performing a regularly occurring Full backup of the Information Store with an Exchange aware backup program. My suggestion would be to implement such or turn on circular logging.

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I also having the same problem at the moment now, and just realize that Circular logging is not designed for truncating log, and Microsoft don't recommend us flush the log by this way.

Here it is a related articles for you: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb124515(EXCHG.80).aspx

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