How to find out details about hardware on the Linux machine?

Question

-i.e - how to get a full list of hardware components in command line (on a machine with no window system)

Thank you.

Answer 1

lspci for pci cards, lsusb for usb, lshw works on debian based distros, here's a list of ways to get other hardware specs,

Answer 2

If available, dmidecode comes in handy. Particularly on Dell, HP, IBM hardware, where they bother to program relevant hardware information into the various registers.

Answer 3

lspci is a great utility for listing the system hardware. (Anything on the PCI bus, anyway.)

cat /proc/cpuinfo - Displays CPU info

cat /proc/meminfo - Displays memory info

dmesg (or cat /var/log/dmesg) contains some info, not necessarily everything.

If you have a RedHat/CentOS system, you can use sosreport to collect a good bit of information, though I don't know if it has all the hardware info listed in it.

Those are some good places to start to find the info you're looking for.

Answer 4

The /proc filesystem will give you the information that you want... BUT i don't know how you will get it is one easy place.

'cat /proc/cpuinfo' will tell you about your CPU 'cat /proc/devices' will tell you some limited information about block devices. 'ifconfig -a' will tell you about network connections

Others will be able to tell you about more devices. Are you troubleshooting a particular device? If so, you will get better help asking a specific question.

Answer 5

inxi will show just about everything, run with no arguments for short form, the options are many however, run inxi -h to see them

inxi is a 'full featured information script' as described by the project home page: https://github.com/smxi/inxi

Here is information about how you can install it on Ubuntu: https://askubuntu.com/questions/284635/inxi-installation-on-ubuntu

Answer 6

For hard disks I use a custom script which massages into one list the outputs of:

cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/mounts

parted -m /dev/sdX unit MB print # need to be root for parted
# or
parted -m -l unit MB print

blkid /dev/sdXN

Answer 7

to summarize that, I'd say here is good start to get information about your system:

1. dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
2. lspci - list all PCI devices
3. lsusb - list USB devices
4. /proc - process information pseudo-file system

Answer 8

I recommend checking out facter which outputs a lot of information in a form that is easy to use in scripts.

http://www.puppetlabs.com/puppet/related-projects/facter/

Answer 9

I really enjoy using "Facter". Gives a nice list of very useful information.

Answer 10

below code u can copy using vi

#!/bin/bash

a=1; c=0
a=1; c=0
# Gather system information, can e.g. be sent to | mail in a cronjob
f_() { while read l; do echo $l; done < $f ; }
#
f_() { while read l; do echo $l; done < $f ; }
# TODO
# ----
# * Netstat output
# * Memory/swap information
# * ifconfig information
# * Make output dependent on argv
# * md5sum checks                               (done)
# * Keep previeous values and compare
# * How to
# * chmod a+x sysinfo.sh
# * ./sysinfo.sh
####################### DO NOT EDIT UNDER THIS LINE ###########################

siheader() {
        echo "================================================================"
        echo -e "* System statistics for: \t`hostname`.`dnsdomainname`"
        echo -e "* Generated on: \t\t`date`"
        echo -e "* Running as: \t\t\t`whoami`"
        echo
}

fuptime() {
        upSeconds=$(cat /proc/uptime | tr "." " " | awk '{print $1}')
        secs=$((${upSeconds}%60))
        mins=$((${upSeconds}/60%60))
        hours=$((${upSeconds}/3600/24))
        days=$((${upSeconds}/86400))
        if [ "${days}" -ne "0" ]
        then
                echo -n "${days} days, "
        fi
        echo "`printf '%02d' ${hours}`:`printf '%02d' ${mins}`:`printf '%02d' ${secs}`"
}

siuptime() {
        echo "=================== Uptime ====================================="
        echo -e "* Uptime: \t\t\t`fuptime`"
        if [ -x /usr/bin/uprecords ];
        then
                echo -e "* High score: \t\t\t`uprecords | tail -n1 | cut -d'|' -f1 | cut -d'n' -f3 | sed 's/^[[:blank:]]*//'`"
        fi
        echo -e "* Load average: \t\t`cat /proc/loadavg | head -c14`"
        echo
}

fw () {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        CNT=$(echo `w | wc -l`-1 | bc)

        w | tail -n ${CNT} | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
}

siusers() {
        echo "=================== Users ======================================"
        echo -e "* Active users: \t\t`who | wc -l`"
        echo "* User information"
        fw
        echo
}

fpstree() {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        pstree | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
}

fcomms() {
        ps -eo comm | sort | uniq | grep -v ^COMMAND | column
        echo

        IFS=${OFS}
}

fprocs() {
        echo `TERM=Linux top -n1 -b | grep "Tasks" | awk '{print $4,$6,$8,$10}'`
        echo -e "==================================Tasks process and memory utilization=============================\n"
    echo "`top -n1 -b`"
}


sitasks() {
        echo "=================== Tasks ======================================"
        echo -e "* Number of running tasks: \t$(echo `ps ax | wc -l` - 1 | bc)"
        #This screws up the email
        #echo "* PS Tree:"
        #fpstree
        echo "* Running programs:"
        fcomms
        echo -e "* CPU load: \t\t\t`TERM=linux top -n2 -b | grep 'Cpu' | tail -n1 | awk '{print $2+$4+$6}'`%"
        PROCS=`fprocs`
        echo "* Process state:"
        echo -e "\tRunning: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $1}'`"
        echo -e "\tSleeping: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $2}'`"
        echo -e "\tZombie: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $3}'`"
        echo -e "\tStopped: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $4}'`"
        echo
}

froute() {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'

        CNT=$(echo `/sbin/route | wc -l` - 1 | bc)
        /sbin/route | tail -n ${CNT} | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
}

sinetwork() {
        echo "=================== Networking ================================"
        echo "* Routing table:"
        froute
        echo
}

simemory() {
        echo "=================== Memory ===================================="
        RAMTOTAL=`echo $(($(cat /proc/meminfo | grep MemTotal | awk '{print $2}')/1024))`
        echo "* Ram:\t\t\t free of ${RAMTOTAL}Mb"
}

sidiskstats() {
        echo "=================== Hard Disc ================================="
        echo "* Disk Information:"
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        df -h | grep -v ^none | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
        echo "* Mounts:"
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        mount | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
}

simd5() {
        if [ ! -e md5sums.lst ];
        then
                return
        fi

        echo "=================== MD5Sum Check =============================="

        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'

        echo "* Checking MD5 Sums"

        cat md5sums.lst | grep "^/" | while read -r a;
        do
                F=`echo ${a} | cut -d':' -f1`
                S=`echo ${a} | cut -d':' -f2`
                S2=`md5sum ${F} | cut -d' ' -f1`
                echo -n -e "\t${F}: \t\t\t\t"
                if [ "${S}" = "${S2}" ];
                then
                        echo "[OK]"
                else
                        echo "[INVALID]"
                fi                        
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
}


##For finding CPU model, cores and 
cpuinfo() {
    echo "=================== CPU Details for Xen =============================="
    echo -e "CPU Details: \n`cat /proc/cpuinfo | sed -n '1,/^$/p'`"
    echo -e "No of Cores: \n`cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l`"
    if [ "egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo >/dev/null 2>/dev/null" ];
    then
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer supports Full-virtualization"
    else
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nEither server does not support Full-virtualization or it is turned off in BIOS"
    fi

    if [ "egrep 'pae' /proc/cpuinfo >/dev/null 2>/dev/null" ];
    then
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer supports Para-virtualization"
    else
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer does not support Para-virtualization"
    fi
}

##For disk info
diskinfo() {
        echo "=================== Disk usage =============================="
        echo -e "Disk Usage details: \n`df -h`"
}   
##Distro info
distroinfo() {
        echo "=================== Distro Info =============================="
        echo -e "Distro details: \n`lsb_release -a`"
        echo -e "Kernel details: \n`uname -a`"
}   

##Distro info
deviceinfo() {
        echo "=================== Device Info =============================="
        echo -e "Device details: \n`lspci -v`"
        echo -e "Kernel details: \n`uname -a`"
}   
summary() {
        siheader
        siuptime
        siusers
        sitasks
        sinetwork

        simemory
        sidiskstats
    fprocs
        simd5
    deviceinfo
    cpuinfo
    distroinfo
        echo "==============================================================="
        echo "* Brought to you by Taashee- http://www.taashee.com"
}

summary

Answer 11

# tree -d /sys/devices

Answer 12

The easiest thing is to type "dmesg | more" on the command line, which allows you to see all the boot output that occurs during the last system startup.

Answer 13

A very old post, but I noticed that the excellent lshw is missing from the answers.