The local port is the port number on the local computer, in this case your Windows 2016 server. The remote port is the port number on the remote computer, in this case the client that is connecting to your SQL server.
In most protocols (including SQL Server) the client uses a randomly chosen port number, so the remote port setting in the firewall rule needs to be configured to the default setting of "All Ports". The local port number in the firewall rule needs to be whatever port number your SQL Server is listening on, in this case port 1433.
(Typically, you would only specify a particular remote port when creating an outbound rule; for example, you would specify remote port 80 if you wanted to create a rule blocking outbound HTTP traffic.)