Questions tagged [freebsd]
FreeBSD is an advanced operating system for a variety of architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley; and is developed and maintained by a large team of individuals. It is a complete Operating System, including the kernel, drivers, and userland utilities such as shells.
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FreeBSD performance tuning: Sysctl parameter, loader.conf, kernel
I wanted to share knowledge of tuning FreeBSD via sysctl.conf / loader.conf
/ KENCONF / etc. It was initially based on Igor Sysoev's (author of nginx)
presentation about FreeBSD tuning up to 100,000-...
128
votes
11
answers
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FreeBSD: Directory called ^C (really!) - how to remove?
I made a typo:
$ history
169 9:34 la /usr/local/etc/
170 9:35 sudo mkdir ^C
171 9:36 sudo mkdir /usr/local/etc/dnsmasq.d
Now I have a file that is called ^C (ctrl+C)!!
When I use ls I just ...
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66
votes
4
answers
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Check OpenSSH version and update instructions on FreeBSD system
On a FreeBSD system (8.1), I am looking for instructions on how to check the running version of OpenSSH and also instructions on the best way to download install an update of OpenSSH
- 1,173
47
votes
6
answers
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ZFS on FreeBSD: recovery from data corruption
I have several TBs of very valuable personal data in a zpool which I can not access due to data corruption. The pool was originally set up back in 2009 or so on a FreeBSD 7.2 system running inside a ...
- 1,159
41
votes
1
answer
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I am going to chop the FreeBSD automounter into little pieces and boil them in oil
I am trying to expose a hierarchy of home directories to a number of FreeBSD jails. The home directories are configured such that each is a unique ZFS dataset. The jails are used for development ...
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39
votes
8
answers
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Delete 10M+ files from ZFS, effectively
I have written a buggy program that has accidentally created about 30M files under /tmp. (The bug was introduced some weeks ago, and it was creating a couple of subdirectories per second.) I could ...
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31
votes
9
answers
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Why is Linux more popular than BSD? [closed]
Some would argue that BSD/Unix has always been more reliable and stable than Linux (not me, of course, don't hurt me!). Why does Linux always seem to beat BSD? Is it the romance of the Linux story? I ...
31
votes
5
answers
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Getting ;5D when hitting ctrl + arrow key in a Terminal on FreeBSD
On centos I can skip a word by hitting ctrl + arrow (left or right) in a terminal. When I ssh into a FreeBSD box and I try the same pattern I get:
$ tail -f 20120412.log;5D;5D;5D
(each try = ;5D)
...
- 413
29
votes
10
answers
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I just did a chmod -x chmod
So I did a chmod -x chmod. How I can fix this problem? How do I give execute rights back to chmod?
- 2,635
27
votes
4
answers
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Should I create ZFS zpools with whole disks or partitions?
I am making zpools on FreeBSD machine. While creating zpools I observe these two cases:
If I take raw disks and create zpool then I am able to form zpools and they are working perfectly.
If I format ...
- 469
25
votes
6
answers
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FreeBSD vs Linux performance? [closed]
I know that FreeBSD is famous for being highly stable, secure and of course open source. So I am going to try it on one of my servers. However, I am wondering what are the pros and cons of Using ...
- 3,117
24
votes
6
answers
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How can I tell how much RAM is installed on a FreeBSD server?
As per the title:
How can I tell how much RAM is installed on a FreeBSD server?
Thanks!
- 395
24
votes
3
answers
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FreeBSD: How to know real file size on zfs with compression on?
I'm using zfs on my FreeBSD 9.0 x64 and pretty happy with it, but I find it hard to count directory real, not compressed, size.
Surely I can walk over the directory and count every file size with ls,...
- 774
22
votes
6
answers
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How bad is it to have multiple devices with the same SSH server keys?
I am working on an embedded device that runs FreeBSD and SSH.
As you know, sshd likes to randomly generate a set of server keys when it first boots up. The problem is that we will be shipping the ...
- 371
22
votes
1
answer
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FreeBSD Jails or Docker instances [closed]
What are the main differences between jails on FreeBSD and Docker on Linux? Is one considerably more secure or more performant than the other? Jails are way older than Docker instances so the code ...
- 335
19
votes
6
answers
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Backing up a MySQL database via ZFS snapshots
I've found a number of sites talking about doing exactly this, but I'm missing a few important details. The general steps are
Run FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK
Take the ZFS snapshot
Run UNLOCK TABLES
...
- 293
19
votes
5
answers
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How to check if RAM is running in ECC mode?
I updated this post since I replaced the processor, but the core of my question (and unfortunately the results as well) are the same.
I built my first FreeNAS box and wanted to use ECC RAM since I ...
- 1,491
19
votes
4
answers
7k
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How do you manage and deploy FreeBSD's ports in a large environment?
I'm curious to how people are deploying FreeBSD's ports in their environment. I assume that most people using FreeBSD are indeed using Ports (and often portupgrade for upgrading with binaries). I am ...
- 821
19
votes
6
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Need to identify disk in zpool ... how?
I need to replace a bad disk in a zpool on FreeNAS.
zpool status shows
gptid/5fe33556-3ff2-11e2-9437-f46d049aaeca UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
How do I find the serial # of that disk?
...
- 959
17
votes
3
answers
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How can I scroll back the output in FreeBSD's console without Scroll Lock?
I've installed FreeBSD inside a VM on a laptop. As it turns out, the laptop keyboard has no Scroll Lock key, which is used for scrolling the screen back in FreeBSD's console. How can I scroll back the ...
- 2,413
16
votes
3
answers
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Log every command executed from root
I want to give access to my root server to an external system administrator, but i want to be sure to double check what he is doing to my server, e.g. copying data i don't want them to do and so on. I ...
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5
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Dovecot user lookup fails when using username@domain format
I have Dovecot v2.0.11 installed on a FreeBSD server and the user lookups for incoming email addresses are failing, but lookups for system users is successful.
Dovecot is setup to use system users, ...
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16
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5
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Can I change a user password in Linux from the command line with no interactivity?
I have a specific use case where I would really like to be able to change a user's password with a single command with no interactivity. This is being done in a safe fashion (over SSH, and on a system ...
- 2,184
16
votes
4
answers
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Possible to disable "You have new mail in /var/mail/root"?
I would like to disable the mailcheck in FreeBSD 9.1. My login shell is BASH, so I have tried to add
unset MAILCHECK
in /root/.bashrc and /root/.profile, but I still get those messages.
Question
...
- 10.2k
15
votes
1
answer
5k
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FREENAS: Why isn't mv command instant within a RAIDZ1 volume?
I'm currently 'reorganizing' file structure within a RAIDZ1 volume. Moving directories from one dataset to another, which are both contained on the same volume.
SSH'ed into the machine and did a ...
- 282
14
votes
7
answers
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How to Find a file in FreeBSD
I'm trying to locate all copies of example.filename on my FreeBSD server. What's the best / easiest / most efficient way to do this?
- 1,498
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votes
1
answer
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How can I start a shell inside a jail on FreeBSD?
I have access to a a previously set up FreeBSD box with a number of jails on it. One of the jails is an SQL server, and does not have ssh enabled on it.
How can I gain access to a shell on that jail ...
- 297
14
votes
7
answers
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ZFS import unable to find any pools
I had a ZFS pool -- a mirror containing 2 vdevs -- running on a FreeBSD server. I now have only one of the disks from the mirror, and I am trying to recover files from it.
The ZFS data sits in a GPT ...
- 791
14
votes
4
answers
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Why does slice C or slice 2 cover the entire disk
Something that I was discussing with a couple of friends and we were unable to figure it out. In FreeBSD and OpenSolaris/Solaris when you partition a drive a partition is created that covers the whole ...
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13
votes
1
answer
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How to change default shell in FreeBSD?
The default shell in FreeBSD is sh and I really can't stand it: autocomplete is very limited, and rehash commands kill me. I feel like a one armed and one legged man...
How can I change the shell ...
- 1,504
13
votes
5
answers
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linux : netstat listening queue length
Is there a way to view queue length on listening socket under Linux, the same way as netstat -L outputs for FreeBSD? I.e. you can see X/Y/Z in netstat -L output, but netstat under Linux doesn't ...
- 351
13
votes
3
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Bare metal or virtualize?
I am looking to upgrade servers and am trying to figure out a good plan.
We currently have 4 servers:
OpenBSD firewall/VPN server
FreeNAS backup servers (local) that receives ZFS snapshots
FreeNAS ...
- 133
13
votes
6
answers
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OpenBSD, FreeBSD: your update philosophy?
I've used FreeBSD for about 5 years - server/Desktop - and I've tended to take my apt-get/yum upgrade everything habits along with me ( I admin Debian/RHEL/Cent boxes as well -- I know, I know ......
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4
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Freebsd change default Internet channel route
I have two Internet channel and Gateway on freebsd. When I switch channel with the command route change default chan2, the command netstat -nr shows changed default route. But traceroute shows that ...
- 131
12
votes
23
answers
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Best practices to block social sites
In our company we have around 100 workstations with Internet access, and the day-to-day situation is getting worse and worse from the perspective of using
Internet access for the purpose of doing ...
12
votes
2
answers
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Need to replace disk in zpool ... confused
I need to replace a bad disk in a zpool on FreeNAS.
zpool status shows
pool: raid-5x3
state: ONLINE
scrub: scrub completed after 15h52m with 0 errors on Sun Mar 30 13:52:46 2014
config:
...
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12
votes
7
answers
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Cloud Providers that support FreeBSD? [closed]
NOTE: Even though I've accepted an answer for this, if you have a better one, please put it below. Thanks!
I'm looking for recommendations from the wise and all-knowing Server Fault community on ...
- 7,252
12
votes
3
answers
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NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from on freebsd and postfix
I am building a server using this config -> http://www.purplehat.org/?page_id=4 and when trying to test basic email capabilities I get -> NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from when try to send a test email.
...
- 197
12
votes
0
answers
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How much does FreeBSD accept_filter actually improve performance in a modern world?
I recently learned about FreeBSD's accept_filter socket option which can allow a worker process to avoid context switching by, for example, waiting until a full HTTP request is received with accf_http:...
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Can I trust that ZFS is consistent between Linux and FreeBSD?
I'm planning to build a FreeNAS box sometime soon, but if ZFS on Linux eventually proves to be reliable, I might want to switch, just to have a more familiar OS.
So I'm wondering if I can trust that ...
- 1,790
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votes
4
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How to install python3.4-pip in FreeBSD 10.1?
I searched in the ports and can't find a pip installation package other than the pip for python27 py27-pip-6.1.1.
Which way is the best for installing pip for python 3.x in FreeBSD 10.1?
Or is it ...
- 323
11
votes
1
answer
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Newsyslog wildcards - rotate all logs in a directory
I am running FreeBSD 8.1. I am trying to make newsyslog rotate logs defined by a dynamic path:
# logfilename [owner:group] mode count size when flags [/pid_file] [sig_num]
/path/logs/*....
- 1,149
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votes
5
answers
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FreeBSD jails vs virtualization performance
I'll soon buy myself a nice server (something like the quad-cpu HP DL585) for personal use (home related stuff, data-mining projects, web server and some cron jobs), and I wonder how to separate all ...
- 1,192
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votes
1
answer
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FreeBSD: periodic(8) is too noisy. How can I control the noise level?
FreeBSD & MacOSX ship with the the periodic(8) utility, which is a neatly organized set of utilities to periodically run system functions like ZFS filesystem checks, security checks, checking for ...
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votes
2
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How can I determine what permissions my user is missing for receiving a ZFS dataset?
I have a FreeNAS (11.1-U1) and a FreeBSD (11.1-RELEASE-p6) machine. On the FreeNAS I'd like to zfs receive recursive snapshots as a non-root user with delegated privileges. This appears to work well ...
- 161
11
votes
1
answer
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FreeBSD link aggregation no faster than single link
We put a 4 port Intel I340-T4 NIC in a FreeBSD 9.3 server1 and configured it for link aggregation in LACP mode in an attempt to decrease the time it takes to mirror 8 to 16 TiB of data from a master ...
- 512
10
votes
5
answers
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ZFS Sync over unreliable, slow WAN. ZFS replication, or rsync?
I've been tasked with making an off-site backup work over the WAN. Both storage boxes are FreeBSD based NAS boxes running ZFS.
Once or twice a week, 15-60 gigs of photography data gets dumped to the ...
- 1,209
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votes
5
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FreeBSD Ports: How can I see all dependencies for a port, and all subdependencies for those dependencies?
I'm trying to build a port which depends on apache-ant.
I thought I could run make build-depends-list to see all dependencies required by this port:
# make build-depends-list
/usr/ports/devel/apache-...
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10
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1
answer
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How to print list of users and groups on FreeBSD?
How to print list of users and groups on FreeBSD?
- 10.4k
10
votes
2
answers
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BSD nc (netcat) does not terminate on EOF
Host A:
tar cf - stuff | dd | nc -N -l 12987
Host B:
nc a.example.com 12987 | dd | tar tf -
On host A dd prints its summary after tar completes. Thus it is clear, that tar closes the pipe/file -...
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