Questions tagged [inode]
The inode is a data structure in a Unix-style file system which describes a filesystem object such as a file or a directory
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how to delete a file by a inode in linux kernel
I got the inode of a file in linux kernel, I want to delete the file by the inode.
Do I need to unlink every dentry of the inode? or do I need to unlink any dentry?
Which locks should I use to protect ...
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How ZFS avoids inodes' number exhaustion and why wasn't it implemented in previous filesystems (e.g. ext4)?
Chapter 1 of Oracle's ZFS Guide states that
all metadata is allocated dynamically, so no need exists to preallocate inodes
which was a positive surprise, but makes me wonder why the methods ZFS uses ...
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How can I monitor deletion of /dev/null
Usually I use inotfiy_add_watch to monitor deletion of files, it works for regular files or even most device files(/dev/zero,etc...), but fails for /dev/null. It seems that any operations to it will ...
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Directory not read
I have a problem with a user's folder.
ls -la shows the permissions as ???? instead of drwx.
I tried with
sudo chmod ug+rw -R /path/folder
to reassign the value but it doesn't change.
How can i make ...
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EBS 12.1.3 issues on 64 bit RHEL 7 OS due to 64 bit inode numbers
We recently got an issue with adpatch, it is failing to read driver files from APPL_TOP or unable to write to adworker log files, when the affected files have 64 bit inode numbers.
As per my findings, ...
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is the linux directory inode different then the file inode?
Im currently reading the book
"How Linux Works" by Brian Ward
and on chapter 4.5 it is said
"A directory inode contains a list of filenames and corresponding
links to other inodes&...
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532
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Monitor Linux Server filesystem health and suspicious activities
I run my own, small server here. The server runs on Ubuntu 18.04. There is one single HDD using LVM on a partition together with EXT4. LVM is used for taking snapshots. I also use Webmin with ...
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How can I create disk for smaller files with good read/write speeds?
I'm trying to find the best way to store lots of small files on a volume, without hitting the inode limits. I created a new drive with:
sudo mkfs.ext4 -N 100000000 /dev/device
and this correctly ...
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XFS inodes not neessarily unique?
(Debian 10.5, kernel 4.19.132-1 )
My understanding is that inodes are unique on a given filesystem, and indeed if we look at man inode we get the following assertion:
Each file in a filesystem has ...
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We are migrating our wordpress to static site. That is creating over 400,000 folders within 1 folder. Is there any limit to the number of sub-folders?
Our wordpress web site is several years old and has many posts indexed and ranking well on google. With any serious traffic my wordpress server tanks - and this happens even after several rounds of ...
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inode usage is full under / partition
The inode usage of the server is full
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/vda2 2305632 2305632 0 100% /
tmpfs 490504 6 490498 1% /dev/...
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What is directory's blockmap? And how many disk I/Os will happen?
I am reading this paper from Facebook (Beaver). The paper says that
We initially stored thousands of files in each directory of an NFS
volume which led to an excessive number of disk operations ...
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3
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Disk inodes full due to PHP sessions [closed]
We have been struggling with this problem for over 2 years now. We have an eCommerce shop that uses PHP sessions to store user baskets and other information.
The problem is that after a while, the ...
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Why does `chattr +e <file>` fail with no space left on the device when there's plenty?
I have a problem. chattr +e <file> does not work, if the file does not have the +e attr set on it, or if it's removed and re-added.
[root@ip-203-0-113-13 log]# df -Th
Filesystem Type ...
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Why does dovecot cur folder remain very large after emptying it?
My CentOS system, used for PHPList, accumulates incoming mail in this path:
/var/qmail/mailnames/example.com/noreply/Maildir/cur
There used to be hundreds of thousands of emails in this mailbox, they ...
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fsck -n /dev/nandb giving errors . how to solve fsck errors [closed]
I want to know how to solve this error? help me out!!
INPUT "fsck -n /dev/nandb"
OUTPUT
fsck from util-linux 2.25.2
e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Warning! /dev/nandb is mounted.
/dev/nandb ...
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2
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How to delete files after EXT4-fs error: Directory hole found
I have a specific directory where I am unable to delete the files or the directory. The directory is on an ext4 file system, using RAID5 over 3 disks on a QNAP NAS.
Using rm -f gives me:
rm: unable ...
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Is it possible to relink an Inode in EXT4 with it's original filename
Ok, so foolish idiot here, trashes his postgresql data directory, right at the very moment when his backup routine is currently in the "delete old files" and "create new files" phase.
As a result, Iv'...
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Understanding XFS inode limits
I reached the inode limit on my XFS partition. There are plenty of questions about this. Some suggest the answer is to increase the maximum percentage of space allocated for inodes. Or, as the ...
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Could swap use many inodes?
I have got a graph about high inode use of our server's disk but I haven't got any detailed information (like df -i) so I'd like to guess the reason.
Operating System: Red Hat Linux
Process: PDF ...
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Permissions, ownership, and grouping changed for no good reason in webapps
I have an Ubuntu 16.04 Nginx server environment with several (WordPress) webapps under /var/www/html.
My Nginx user is www-data.
Each time I add A webapp, I execute:
chown www-data:www-data /var/...
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Why is mounted nas showing 0 inodes on users partition?
I am using a NetGear ReadyNAS machine as a NAS for our server. The server is a linux CentOS 6.6. The server is run using Rocks cluster, with all our users' home directories located on the NAS. My ...
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Unable to create new directories or mysql table as root - quota error?
I recently updated an ubuntu 14 box to version 16.04. Everything appeared to go smoothly, however now I am unable to create any new mysql tables.
I'm signed into the ubuntu box as root and mysql as ...
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Ubuntu: no space left on device while inodes and storage usage less than 10%
let me explain my specification of operating system i used and storage space information of my VPS
here is my operating system
vico@vicoartwork:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
...
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1
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Lustre: find where inodes are being used
I'm looking for a command that will list the number of files across several directories simultaneously. Currently, I can do this for a single directory:
lfs find DIRECTORY -type f | wc -l
But this ...
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1
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How to rescue a server with no free inodes (from DDOS)
One of my web server was DDOS attacked. All is well except there are millions of PHP session files used up 100% inodes of the partition. There is only one partition for the entire /
Tried several ...
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Lustre: inode/files quota: dependent on striping?
My understanding of the Lustre file system is that every file uses one inode on a metadata target (MDT), and then one inode per stripe on the object storage targets (OSTs). My question is, which of ...
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Inode usage gone up to 100% hence can't uninstall any package
My server's inode usage has gone up to 100% due to which I am not able to uninstall extra linux-kernel-headers and linux-kernel-images
$ df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/...
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ext4: Running out of inodes [duplicate]
I am running out of inodes. Only 11% available:
the-foo:~ # df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/system-home 9830400 8702297 1128103 89% /home
Is ...
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Failing to mount SCSI from HP Modular Smart Array (MSA20)
I have acquired a HP dl360 g4p with a MSA20 Modular Smart Array.
Currently I have Arch Linux installed on it since I had some issues with the graphics. But that is not why I am asking a question.
...
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1
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Large number of inodes being used by Apache mod_cache_disk
I am frequently getting to 100% inode usage on an Ubuntu PHP/Apache box.
The main usage seems to be in /var/cache/apache2/mod_cache_disk
Once every fortnight I have to manually remove files from ...
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100 % inodes in root directory, how to free inodes?
df -i
Filesystem-----Inodes-----Iused-----IFree-----IUse-----Mounted on
dev/sda2-------732960-----727804-----5156-----100%---- /
Only these 2 are having higest inodes, rest all are too low. what can ...
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Can't find used inodes on server
I have a Xen VPS with Debian Linux installed. Once I found that all inodes are used. I checked this:
~# df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
rootfs 3932160 3932160 ...
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How to avoid symlinked files shared by Samba from looking like duplicate files (different inode numbers)?
I often have directories on a Linux server where symbolic links are used for alternative names for subdirectories or files (e.g. maintaining a "latest" symbolic link to a directory with the latest ...
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Force files to stay in dentries und inodes cache on SuSe
We have some sql queries which are rarely executed.
When running them first time after a while they take about 2 minutes, a second call takes only 800ms.
I found out when i restart postgres the ...
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Reducing inodes usage on vServer
On my Linux vServer the inodes are limited (maximum is 250k). I found that an Yii2 (PHP, MySQL, composer) installation requires quite a lot of inodes. The number of inodes is roughly the number of ...
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How to find the file at a certain btrfs inode
I have a corrupt file according to btrfs
BTRFS info (device sdb1): csum failed ino 367 off 310013952 csum 1601485211 expected csum 3692975992
I assumed ino 367 means inode 367, so I can use find and ...
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eCryptfs headers errors
I'm getting the following error on a server where a partition is encrypted thru ecryptfs.
[3440851.003561] Valid eCryptfs headers not found in file header region or xattr region, inode 22545087
[...
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Icinga2 perfdata directory is overflowed
I`ve installed icinga2 on a virtual machine for monitoring 5 other ones with graphite support for the graphics and icingaweb2 as an interface. Recently on my web interface I got the follow:
Fatal ...
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-bash: cannot create temp file for here-document: No space left on device
I'm getting following error while doing tab, tab inside of shell:
-bash: cannot create temp file for here-document: No space left on device
root@alexus:~# cat /etc/issue.net
Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS
...
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Is it possible to have orphaned hard links?
I'm not sure if it is even possible to have an orphaned hard link. Let me explain why I'm asking. Bear with me.
My Setup
I am using rsync to sync my file server to my backup server. I am using the -...
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Remove orphaned Inode (LVM) without unmount or restart
One of our VM hard disk is getting full and the only way to fix it is to restart it. Upon restarting it, we can see it is removing orphaned Inodes and once its done, the VM is ok due to its disk space ...
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du and df show discrepant amounts of available disk space on my Linux server [duplicate]
I know that inodes aren't necessarily deallocated with certain removal/deletion methods that users/programs use. When inodes are still present and pointing to files that have been deleted, but two or ...
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Setting up tmpfs `/run/lock` for hundreds of thousands of 0 byte lock files, and dealing with the inode limit
I have a situation where I need to create 100s of thousands of 0 byte lock files for concurrency control.
I've tested creating them by using:
for i in `seq 1 50000`; do touch "/run/lock/${i}.lock"; ...
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How to determine which processes have most inodes opened
Here is my problem, visibile in a munin chart:
My used/opened inodes are "suddenly" constantly increasing.
Is there a way to determine which process is keeping the most currently opened inodes?
I ...
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Circular directory structure
I'm having an issue with a circular directory structure warning produced by du and find on my CentOS servers.
I have two FreeNAS servers exporting several datasets via NFS which are mounted on the ...
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2
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What is INODE usage and can I reduce it?
My webserver keeps giving me the error backup failed due to high INODE usage...
What is this and how can I prevent it?
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How to increase inodes limit in ReiserFS filesystem?
Is it possible to increase inode limit in ReiserFS without formatting the partition?
Currently, the filesystem on my VPS allows me to create 489K inodes, which is not enough. The machine works as ...
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3
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No space left on device error, but df reports as more space available
My PHP sessions on my Debian webserver using Apache2 with mod_php seem to be failing randomly, saying that there’s no space to write them:
sudo tail -60 /var/log/apache2/error.log
[Fri Jan 30 15:55:...
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delete millions of files within a directory [duplicate]
The other day I ran bleachbit on my system. I had enabled wipe disk space option in it. It took several hours and my disk space filled up completely (100GB or so). After waiting forever, I decided to ...
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