Questions tagged [linux]
Linux is the generic term for a UNIX-like open source operating system based on the Linux kernel.
38,310
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wordpress directory file ownership changes everytime after uploading files/plugins
on centos 7, i have created wordpress website with root directory ownership websitename:websitegroup and directory permissions 755, file permissions 644 set by default
when the developer, login to ...
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ssh proxyjump command to config file
I use a ssh command for logging into a remote node using an intermediate node via proxyjump. The remote and intermediate nodes are Linux servers, and my client is a Macbook. This command works, and it ...
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How do I see the amount of bandwidth used during the execution of a program?
When executing a program, from a shell, how do I see the total amount of network bandwidth used by that program?
I am thinking of something similar to time, but for bandwidth.
petur@petur:~$ time ...
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DirectAdmin Apache/Nginx Reverse Proxy Custom Subdomain Config
I have a particular application on a subdomain that needs a custom Nginx configuration to work. I am using DirectAdmin control panel to make per-domain customisations. However, I am getting confused ...
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Make postfix retry PNCR Status (5xy code)
Every now and then I am forced to send medium volumes (100-1000 mails) to microsoft smtp servers (outlook.com/hotmail.com)
outlook-com.olc.protection.outlook.com
Remote Server returned '554 5.7.1 <...
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PHP Fatal Error: Cannot open /dev/urandom: No such file or directory when calling session_start() with manually built PHP
Problem
I built PHP8.4 manually in Ubuntu 14.04 since the OS is out of support with no ppa package available. I tested for phpinfo() web page showed correct information while adding session_start() at ...
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I want to make Linux Kernel Source an RPM file
I am currently using Rocky Linux 8.7.
The current kernel version is "4.18.0-425.13.1.el8_7.x86_64".
I want to upgrade kernel through RPM, not source compile. In the kernel compile step, use ...
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DNSSEC - Unable to sign the relevant files
I have set up a working DNS server on an Ubuntu 22.04 LTS as part of a single server (DNS, SPF, Email, firewall etc)
IP: 192.168.122.189
Test Domain: jetj.ltd
Hostname:mail
The files I have are:
db....
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How to access data on an external ssd drive with MBR only? [migrated]
My old laptop's display died, so I took its SSD and connected it to another laptop with Ubuntu 22.04 externally via USB using M2 SSD case. There should be two operating systems: Windows and Ubuntu on ...
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Map custom local domain to IP:PORT in Ubuntu 22.04
I have an Ubuntu 22.04 host installed and I have run a guest Ubuntu 20 virtual machine on it with an static IP: 192.168.1.51. Inside the VM, I have a service running on port 8081. Now, I am trying to ...
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VLANs and Bridges on Debian to share the same address
Right now I have a simple topology with the debian gateway, few managed switches and access points.
I'd like to add 3 VLANs to my topology and maybe use 802.1Q on debian gateway, so that all the ...
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MYSQL use too much disk (read / write)
I have big problem with my server. I am using Ubuntu linux version 22.04. The problem is in the write / read disk (light for the disk is all the time ON) when I have turn on apache (PHP) and MYSQL. ...
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Performance governor does not set the maxmum frequency
I am trying to use the governor on performance mode, but everytime I check the frequency values I see a frequency less than the CPU frequency. I am using a Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v4 @ 2.20GHz
$ ...
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Is it possible to disable ldap passwords for a user without disabling their account?
We have a cluster that uses an internal LDAP domain for user authentication that previously used passwords stored in LDAP. We have now moved the login machine to use krb5 for password authentication ...
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How to download binaries for MS ODBC18 Driver?
I need to install the MS ODBC 18 Driver into Amazon Linux 2 (for EC2). The steps here cannot be completed due to network restrictions: Microsoft ODBC 18. Also the package needs to be installed while ...
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How to append content of one file to another in Linux continuesly?
I have a log file log.log that is created by the application, I want to have any new line added to this file continuously being added to another log file historical_log.log. How can I do that? I am ...
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Trying to set wake-on-lan persistently on linux fails
This is my box:
Linux mediacenter 5.15.122-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Jul 25 07:09:46 UTC 2023 x86_64 GNU/Linux
I am trying to follow
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Wake-on-LAN
But I am failing to ...
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Postfix to O365 tenant directly
I am planning to have a postfix smtp relay that will send emails to an O365 tenant.
Is this possible through port 25 without using SASL?
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48
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Shared server resouces mangement
We have an on-prem Xeon server running Ubuntu LTS that is shared across few developers. Each developer logs in with his on user and run various workloads on it. The problem we experience is when ...
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LVM: Creation difference between CentOS 7 and CentOS 6
I have CentOS 6 & 7 server and am creating 512 MB logical volumes:
CentOS 7:
sudo lvcreate -v -n lvname -L 512M rootvg && sudo mkfs.xfs -L "lvname" /dev/mapper/rootvg-lvnamee
...
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Lists active network ports and protocols over time
Is there a linux server utility that can list the network ports and protocols that have been active over a given period of time?
For example, I'd like to know which ports and protocols were active at ...
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Efficiently removing x-bit from files in large directory
I have a directory /some/dir containing millions of files and directories. I need to remove the X-bit for all file, but not from the directories.
The following works:
find /some/dir -type f -chmod -x {...
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Manage nuumber of connections for OCserv and FreeRADIUS
I have numbers of Ocserv servers and connected to a FreeRADIUS server for authentication. I have configured directive bellow in Ocserv of each server to don't let a user connect more than 2 times.
...
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What happens on the server when a multimedia file gets downloading/playing?
I have a video-based website. It gets slow when about 1k concurrent users watch/download a video.
I'm trying to debug it to see what resource is weak to increase it. I executed htop command to see ...
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inside nginx custom docker image, cron service is running but not the jobs executing
Dockerfile of nginx container
FROM nginx:latest
# Remove sym links from nginx image
RUN rm /var/log/nginx/access.log
RUN rm /var/log/nginx/error.log
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ...
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How should I modify file permissions to accomodate Wordpress
I have been successfully using the method described here: Maintained by a Single User and it has been working well for me. This is my script for all my websites:
sudo chown -R WebAdmin /var/www/...
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Dovecot says user does not exist although it's in MariaDB database
I use a MariaDB to store users for Dovecot 2.2.10. The Dovecot keeps giving "Disconnected unexpectedly" errors, and I can't find a reason. Is there anything I could look at?
Mail logs
Aug 29 ...
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Encrypted fs and liblzma.so.5 library missing
I have created a few VMs with encrypted filesystems + dropbear-initramfs (https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/dropbear-initramfs) with a procedure similar to How to unlock LUKS using Dropbear SSH ...
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Linux login using active directory domain with two-way trust
I don't have much experience in linux tools for infrastructure and authentication with Active Directory.
I'm trying to set up authentication via AD on Ubuntu 22.04.
The structure we use is as follows:
...
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Is it possible to set CPUAffinity=0 for a specific process in its systemd service unit file?
Is it possible to set CPUAffinity=0 for a specific process (lets say httpd.service) in its systemd service unit file?
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China version of Baota mandatory binding cell phone number solution
Currently the latest version is 8.0.2, which requires account binding, which is very troublesome and there is no way to remove it.
Versions after 7.4.5 (excluding 7.4.5) require mandatory cell phone ...
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Linux port 25 is not working, and postfix unable to establish external connections at port 465, internal connection works with issues
I guess these are two typical issues, at least first one is. I'm trying to configure postfix dovecot on CentOS 7.
First, the port 25 is open, but it is not accepting any outer connections.
The ...
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Create Azure Red hat template with custom LVM partitions
I want to prepare Azure template for Red Hat 8 servers with packer and I'm facing problem with setting custom LVM partitions.
For example, I want separate /var/tmp, /var/log etc.
I deployed some VMs ...
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Server Response Time Fluctuation on VPS for Static Files
I monitored some of my VPS (shared CPU from major suppliers), and response time changes over time from 50ms to 2000ms. There is no traffic on the server and there is no database. So is this because of ...
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Portainer can't access docker socket without chmod 666 workaround
Environment: Alpine Linux (3.18)
I've got a portainer docker container that can't access the docker socket. I've added my user to the docker group. I make the container with the following command:
...
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How can I setup Nginx with a transparent socket?
Similarly to this Cloudflare blog post, I am trying to setup Nginx with a transparent socket (with the IP_TRANSPARENT socket option). I want to do this to implement a reverse TCP proxy that ...
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Why can't I ping local IPv6 address?
OS: almalinux9
2610:150:c002::1:a563 is the IPv6 address of my local network card eno2.
[root@alpha ~]# ip addr show eno2
3: eno2: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state ...
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A gateway of 0.0.0.0 gets added in my linux machine after I assign a static IP and static gateway
I am assigning static IP address on a Linux module (custom Yocto Distribution on TI AM3359 custom hardware) using the ifconfig command.
sudo ifconfig eth1 10.11.3.80 netmask 255.255.248.0
sudo route ...
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SSSD, openLDAP and nested groups
I am trying to figure out how to structure my ldap and/or configure sssd to read membership of nested groups.
Something like this works for normal group membership:
DN: cn=server-admins,ou=Groups,dc=...
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Multiple wireguard interfaces each using the 'real' interface directly, and through either be able to reach any IP
I'm in need of setting up multiple wg-quick interfaces on a single machine, both using the real ethernet NIC directly, independently.
The issue I appear to be hitting is that through each of these I ...
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Availability of CHROOT in Docker containers and clusters
Is the Linux tool chroot generally usable in a Docker container running in clusters and cloud platforms?
(background) I'm developing an application where I may need to use chroot inside a Docker ...
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Can one VG (Volume Group) contain different types of PVs (Physical Volumes)?
The background is we have our database data directory on an LV which is located on a VG. We want to use the LVM's snapshot function to backup our database data, but this VG has no free PEs left. We ...
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Almalinux 9 Failed to allocate memory
I have SingleStore DB CLI (Cluster in a Box) deployed in a AWS EC2 Instance r6i.4xlarge with Almalinux 9 OS. At the moment of load data by pipelines the following error appears:
line 34: ER_MEMSQL_OOM ...
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On SD card the patitions come back after removing them
A little funny problem I'm curious about the reason.
I found an old SD Card, I even don't remember that it was used for.
So I want to remove the old partitions and use it for some of my devices.
And ...
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Map dev notation to logical volume name
I need to figure out what dm-2 or dm-0, etc. is (this notation is found in dmesg notices, sysstat reports, etc.) and lsblk is not installed
I find lvdisplay output a little bit confusing.
Can someone ...
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Can somebody provide an example smb.conf for a NT domain controller?
After I updated my domain server from Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04 the NT domain no longer worked. Domain logons on the Windows 10 computers fail. (Ubuntu 18.04 is no longer supported).
So I set up a new (...
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OpenDKIM & OpenDMARC on SLES 15 SP2
Hello is it possible to install OpenDKIM & OpenDMARC on SLES 15 SP2 through the default repository of OpenSUSE?
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Routing 2 public IP ranges on 2 bridges
I've set up a new Proxmox 8 server, and I'm struggling to get my networking set up correctly. A normal bridge interface with a single IP range is easy enough, but I can't seem to get my 2 IP ranges to ...
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/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod not found with special condition
I updated my ubuntu server from 18.04 to 20.04 and reboot. after reboot I fall in grub rescue. in the (hd0,gpt2) there are some directories include grub. in grub there is i386-pc and in the i386-pc ...
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Virtual machine static ip doesnt work
I have created vps private Ubuntu server on virtual machine.
Then I have deploy my app on it with static ip 192.168.56.101.
Everything is working, when I open it on my local machine, but when I try ...
